Al-Andalus in the Writings of the French Orientalist School: Gustave Le Bon as a Mode
Keywords:
Al-Andalus, Gustave Le Bon, French Orientalist School, Islamic CivilizationAbstract
This research, titled "The Andalusian Lands in the Writings of the French Orientalist School: Gustav Le Bon as a Model," aims to explore the admiration and fascination of French Orientalists with Arab civilization in all its aspects. Gustav Le Bon, the renowned French historian and philosopher, highlighted the role of Islamic civilization in Europe and its profound influence on shaping European culture. Le Bon is considered one of the most prominent defenders of the contributions of Islamic civilization in science, arts, and literature during the Andalusian period, which lasted for about 800 years and deeply impacted the course of Western civilization.
In his writings, Le Bon sheds light on various aspects of Andalusian civilization, particularly scientific progress, the development of philosophy, medicine, engineering, and architecture. He points out that Muslims in Andalusia established a strong educational system and research institutions that were open to all groups, regardless of race or religion, which contributed to the flourishing of sciences and their dissemination in Europe through translation and transmission.
Le Bon also criticizes the conflicts and wars that led to the fall of Andalusia, emphasizing how these wars caused the decline of Islamic civilization in Spain, turning it into a forgotten history. He also praises the religious tolerance that prevailed during that period, where Muslims, Christians, and Jews coexisted peacefully, creating a fertile environment for intellectual and cultural exchange.
Le Bon summarized the impact of Andalusia on Europe as one of the brightest periods in history, marking the starting point of the European Renaissance..
References
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