Zamua (Sulaymaniyah) in Light of Neo-Assyrian Texts (
(911-612 BC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65074/vvn62k75Keywords:
Assyrians, Zamua, Mazamua, Lullumu.Abstract
Throughout Their Long History, Assyrian Kings Focused on Expanding Their Empires. The Ninth Assyrian King, a Century before his Reign, undertook a Period of Rebuilding and Reconstructing the Kingdom, which had Weakened During the Final years of Tiglath-Pileser I's Rule (1115-1077 BC). Among The Territories Reconquered by The Assyrian Kings was Zamua, a Strategically Important Political and Cultural link between The Plains of Mesopotamia. Its Geographical location, which Extended into The Northeastern Regions of Mesopotamia, contributed to its Military lines between The Assyrians and The Peoples of the Zagros Mountains, Giving its History a Distinctive Military, Military and Economic Character. Therefore, our Study, titled "Zamua (Sulaymaniyah) in Light of Neo -Assyrian Texts (911-612 BCE) " is Relevant to This Study. The Importance of Studying Zamua (Sulaymaniyah) is Highlighted by its Mention in Assyrian Texts, including Annals and Accounts of Campaigns by Prominent Figures, Particularly During the Reigns of Kings Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BC) and his Son Shalmaneser (858-824 BC), as Well as The Correspondence between its Rulers and The Assyrian kings, The Study can be Structured Around the History of Communication, The location of Zamua, and two main sections:
Section One: Zamua in Light of Assyrian Texts.
Section Two: The Province of Zamua: A Study of its Social and Military Structure.
The research concludes with a summary of the most important findings and includes an appendix with a map of the cities of Zamua and a list of Arabic and foreign sources. However, the study's primary significance lies in the following:
- Grayson, A. K, 1996, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Assyrian Period, Toronto, Vol.3, (Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC II (858-745 BC)).
The researcher Grayson’s book included Texts from the Assyrian Royal annals, which enabled him to know the number and course of the military campaigns against Zamua.
- Lanfranchi, G. and Parpola, S., 1990, the correspondence of Sargon 11, Finland, SAA. VOl.5, part.11(letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces).
The researcher Lanfranchi's book included correspondence between the Assyrian King Sargon II (721-705 BC) and the rulers of Zamua.
• Al-Qarahdaghi, Rafida Abdullah Abdul Samad, 2008, PhD dissertation, (Sulaimaniyah, College of Humanities).
References
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