أدوارد سيمور حامي مملكة إنكلترا وركيزة الاستقرار السياسي
1547-1549م
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65074/1bz64g79Keywords:
Edward Seymour, Lord Protector, England, Edward VI, Protestant Reformation, Political Stability, Regency Government, Tudor Dynasty.Abstract
Received: 2026 / 06 / 11
Revision: 2026 / 07 / 04
Accepted: 2026 / 07 / 20
Published: 2026 / 09 / 30
This study examines the political and leadership role of Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset and Lord Protector, during the early years of the reign of King Edward VI (1547-1549). It aims to analyze his political position within the English state and to explore his role in governing the kingdom during the royal minority. The research also investigates his domestic and foreign policies and their impact on promoting political stability in England. Furthermore, the study highlights his efforts to advance the Protestant Reformation, manage relations with Scotland and France, and address the political and social challenges of the period. The research adopts a historical-analytical approach based on primary sources and modern historical studies. The findings indicate that Edward Seymour was one of the most influential political figures in sixteenth-century England and that his policies contributed to safeguarding the monarchy during a critical transitional period, despite the internal political conflicts that ultimately led to his downfall and execution in 1552.
References
( ) David Loades, Somerset: Edward VI's Governor, London: Batsford, 1996, pp. 7-10.
( ) G. R. Elton, England Under the Tudors, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977, pp. 218-220.
( ) John Guy, Tudor England, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988, p. 211.
( ) David Loades, op. cit., pp. 15-18.
( ) Barrett L. Beer, Northumberland: The Political Career of John Dudley, Kent State University Press, 1973, pp. 23-24.
( ) كاثرين بار (Katherine Parr) (1512-1548م): تزوجها الملك هنري الثامن في تموز 1543م سيدة فاضلة ومثقفة، تميل بشدة للأفكار البروتستانتية، جعلت الملك يتعامل بمودة وعطف مع ابنته الصغرى إليزابيث وقد شملتها برعايتها واهتمامها، وأقنعت الملك بضرورة الاعتراف بحقها الشخصي في وراثة العرش الإنكليزي، فأجرى الملك تعديلاً على قانون الوراثة. للمزيد ينظر:
C. S. Fearenside & M. A. Oxon, History of England (1485-1580), London, 1891, p. 65.
( ) Catherine Parr, Letters of Queen Catherine Parr, London, 1893.
( ) ماري تيودور (ملكة إنكلترا ماري الأولى): ولدت سنة 1516م، وهي ابنة الملك هنري الثامن والملكة كاثرين أراغون، تولت العرش سنة 1553م بعد مرحلة انتقالية عرفت بمحاولة لتنصيب الليدي جين غراي (Jane Grey) مكانها. بسبب عقيدتها الكاثوليكية واجهت الأفكار البروتستانتية التي بدأت تنتشر منذ أيام والدها، واستطاعت إخماد عدة ثورات ضدها، وقامت بإحراق المئات من البروتستانت في عهدها لذا أطلق عليها لقب ماري الدموية. تزوجت الملك الإسباني فيليب الثاني (Philip II) سنة 1554م كره الشعب الإنكليزي الملكة ماري لأنها جعلت فيليب ملكاً على إنكلترا. للمزيد ينظر:
Helen Cam, England Before Elizabeth, London, N.D, p. 174.
( ) معاهدة كرينويج: هي معاهدة عقدت بين انكلترا واسكتلندا عقب خسارة اسكتلندا في معركة سولواي ماري (Solway Moss) في تموز 1543م والتي نصت على موافقة ماري جيز زوجة الملك الراحل جيمس الخامس والوصية على عرش ابنتها ماري ستيوارت وموافقة البرلمان الاسكتلندي على خطبة ماري ستيوارت من الأمير ادوارد في خطوة واضحة لدمج العرشين الانكليزي والاسكتلندي.
Antonia Fraser, The lives of The Kings and Queens of England, future Publications limited, 1977, P. 126.
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