The Athenian leader Themistocles .
(525-459 BC): Between heroism and betrayal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65074/ykrhxz63Keywords:
Themistocles, Athens, navy, heroism, betrayalAbstract
Themistocles is one of the most prominent Greek leaders. He took over the leadership of Athens during the most dangerous period in its history, and thanks to his political acumen and leadership skills, he was able to lay the foundations for its maritime renaissance, which not only saved Athens but also saved the unity of the entire country of Greece from the Achaemenid threat. Thanks to his victory in the Battle of Salamis, he gained great fame throughout the country, to the point that he was nicknamed the national hero and the savior of Athens.
The aristocratic class found in Themistocles’ heroism and political program a danger that threatened their interests, so they described him as arrogant and accused him of several charges and agreed to exile him without trial in order to humiliate him and diminish his power. They were not satisfied with that, but conspired to kill him on charges of treason and conspiracy with the Achaemenids. When his defenses did not find a response among the Athenians, he decided to flee as a refugee and seek refuge with the Achaemenid king Artaxerxes I (465-424 BC).
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